Airplane Carrier Fighter Jet - Carrier aircraft, sometimes referred to as carrier aircraft or transport aircraft, are naval aircraft designed for operations from aircraft carriers. They must be able to launch short distances and be strong enough to withstand the steep launch and lift forces on a young deck. In addition, their wings tend to be foldable, making it easier to work in tight spaces.
Such aircraft are designed for many purposes, including air-to-air combat, ground strike, anti-submarine warfare (ASW), search and rescue (SAR), transport (COD), weather surveillance, reconnaissance and early warning, and air traffic control. (AEW&C). ) attributes.
Airplane Carrier Fighter Jet
The term is usually only applied to fixed-wing aircraft, as naval helicopters can operate from a wider range of ships, including helicopter carriers, destroyers, frigates, and container ships.
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The announcement in 1903 of fixed-wing aircraft was followed in 1910 by the first flight of an aircraft from the deck of an anchored warship (USS Birmingham, US Navy), and in 1912 by the first flight of an aircraft from the deck of a warship underway (Royal Navy). HMS Hibernia). This was followed by seaplanes and seaplane support ships such as HMS Gadine. This evolution was taking place by the early 1920s, resulting in ships such as HMS Argus (1918), Hōshō (1922), USS Langley (1922) and Béarn (1927). Thanks to these developments, the need for specialized aircraft adapted to take off and land from the flight points of these ships began to be recognized.
Air power increased in importance between wars due to the increase in range, carrying capacity and efficiency of carrier-based aircraft until it became impossible to ignore its importance during World War II with the loss of many aircraft ships, including the sinking of the Prince of Wales and " Otpora, the Battle of Taranto, the attack on Pearl Harbor and many other incidents. After the war, shipping operations continued to grow in size and importance.
Modern carrier-based aircraft are mainly built in three different versions to meet the needs of different users. The following terms are currently used by the US Navy.
CATOBAR is a system used to launch and recover aircraft from the deck of an aircraft carrier. In this technique, the aircraft is launched using a catapult takeoff and lands on the ship using safety lines. While this system is more expensive than alternative methods, it allows for greater flexibility in carrier operations as it allows the aircraft to operate with a larger payload. CATOBAR ships currently include US Nimitz-class ships,
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The use of catapults allows an aircraft carrier to launch large fixed-wing aircraft. For example, the US Navy is putting into service its E-2 Hawkeye AEW aircraft and C-2A Greyhound cargo with catapults.
STOVL takes off using a springboard instead of a catapult. Using STOVL generally allows the aircraft to carry a larger payload than using VTOL, while avoiding the complexity of a catapult. The most famous example is the Hawker Siddeley Harrier jump jet.
Despite being capable of VTOL, it is generally used as a STOVL aircraft to increase fuel and armament.
STOBAR is a system used to launch and recover aircraft from the deck of an aircraft carrier, combining elements of STOVL and CATOBAR. Airplanes take off under their own power, using a springboard to facilitate takeoff (rather than a catapult). However, these are conventional aircraft and tethers are required to board the ship. Kuznetsov-class aircraft carriers of the Russian Navy and People's Liberation Army operate Su-33 (Russia) and J-15 (China) as STOBAR aircraft. Others include Indian Vikramaditya and Vikranta; both will operate the MiG-29K.
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Before World War II, the weight of most aircraft allowed them to be launched from aircraft carriers under their own power, but required assistance in landing. Catapults were fitted, but they were only used when the ship was stationary or adequate wind on deck could not be provided by going upwind. Large Ev aircraft such as the North American B-25 Mitchell were launched in this manner. This was possible because the ship's speed in the lightest prevailing winds, combined with slow takeoff speed, allowed early aircraft to gain airspeed over a very short distance. The most extreme version of this was the battleship platforms used in the 1920s, when small World War I era biplane fighters such as the Sopwith Camel were launched from only a few dozen meters high, mounted on top of a gun turret in front of the battleship.
Conventional aircraft such as the Curtiss P-40 Warhawk, Republic P-47 Thunderbolt, Supermarine Spitfire and Hawker Hurricane were often flown to overseas air bases by carriers. They were loaded onto an aircraft carrier in port using cranes, taken from the aircraft carrier to the sea near their destination under their own power, and landed at a cold coastal airfield. Usually these were not combat missions, but in some cases the aircraft launched provided air cover for the ship and the aircraft could not be recovered by the aircraft carrier.
Some STOL aircraft, such as the North American Rockwell OV-10 Bronco, have been operated from aircraft carriers and landing craft in this more correct manner, but this is not common practice.
Very large aircraft such as the Lockheed C-130 Hercules have successfully landed and launched from large aircraft carriers, but they have done so without cargo and little fuel on board. Here's something to remember: Despite its shortcomings, the Phantom has proven that it's possible to combine speed, large payloads, advanced sensors, and (arguably) decent maneuverability in one large aircraft—a principle that informs modern fourth-generation aircraft about how the FA - 18E / F Super Hornet, which are currently in service.
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Designing an aircraft that can fly at high speeds with heavy weapons and still take off and land on a short flight deck several hundred meters long has always been a major engineering challenge. Naval fighters typically have folding wings for easy storage, strong undercarriage and undercarriage, and greater strength to withstand the wear and tear of offshore operations. All this literally outweighs the exquisite technique demonstrated by land fighters.
However, since the Second World War, outstanding carrier-based fighters have repeatedly proved to be more than effective against ground opponents.
For the quality of this list, the fighter in question was not only efficient, but also had significant operational returns. This does not include excellent carrier-based aircraft such as the Super Hornet or the Rafal-M, which have not been involved in intense combat.
The aircraft must also be a "fighter", designed for aircraft with air-to-air capability. This does not include superior aircraft such as the SBD Dauntless bomber, A-1 Skyraider, and A-4 Skyhawk, which were mostly ground attack aircraft, even if they had occasional air successes.
File:fa 18c Hornet Attached To The Golden Warriors Of Strike Fighter Squadron (vfa) 87 Lands On The Flight Deck Of The Aircraft Carrier Uss George H.w. Bush (cvn 77).jpg
The A6M Zero was an elegant fighter aircraft designed for the Imperial Japanese Navy by engineer Jiro Horikoshi. Weighing less than 4,000 pounds. The Zero's 840 horsepower radial engine allowed it to travel a remarkable 1,600 miles on internal fuel, outrun and overtake many modern land fighters at a top speed of 346 mph and still turn a dime.
When Japan launched a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor and territories in Asia and the Western Pacific, the Zeros, flown by Japanese veteran pilots, terrified Allied fighters such as the Hawker Hurricane and F4F Wildcat, which the Zero ” surpassed them both in speed and in speed. maneuverability. Allied pilots spent the first year of the Pacific War developing tactics to counter the Zero's capabilities.
However, unlike other successful carrier-based fighters, the Zero did not develop at the same pace as its opponents. Its outstanding performance was achieved by eliminating nearly all protective armor, a design compromise that became increasingly fatal as faster, better-armoured, heavier-armed Allied fighters entered service.
In 1943, the Grumman F6F Hellcat ended Zero's dominance by shooting down hundreds of Japanese aircraft in dogfights such as shooting at Turkey in the Great Marianas.
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However, the Hellcat itself outlasted the even more productive F4U Corsair. The Corsair is known for its unique gullwing design, but due to difficulties landing the Pigs, the Navy delayed entering service - so the Marines plucked them instead. The Corsair quickly proved so successful that the US Navy and Royal Navy adopted it.
The powerful Corsair Double Wasp engine made it fast and deadly, reaching an 11:1 kill ratio against Japanese fighter pilots, who nicknamed it the "Whistling Death". It played a vital role in intercepting kamikaze attacks and providing ground support to the Marines on Iwo Jima and Okinawa using napalm canisters and high velocity rockets.
It is noteworthy that Corsair's career was just beginning. In the 1950s, privateers again operated in French-occupied Korea and Vietnam, mainly as ground attack aircraft. However, night radar-equipped Corsair jets shot down the North Korean night intruders. The pilot of the Corsair, Guy Bordelon, was simply an ace of the Navy in the Korean War, and the Corsair even shot down a jet MiG-15.
Corsair's fighting career came to a violent end in July 1969 when El Salvador invaded Honduras after losing a football match. Both sides used Corsairs, and a Honduran F4U pilot shot down two Salvadoran Corsairs and a P-51 before the end of the four-day war.
Every Single Aircraft Carrier In The World
The Panther was the first jet aircraft to be successfully integrated into a US Navy aircraft carrier.
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